Politics in Kabul, Afghanistan have been shaped by a complex and turbulent history, marked by foreign intervention, war, and political instability. Afghanistan has faced ongoing conflict since the Soviet invasion in 1979, and the country has been in a state of war for much of the past four decades.
Following the fall of the Taliban regime in 2001, Afghanistan adopted a new constitution that established a presidential system of government. The president serves as the head of state and government, with significant powers over the executive branch of government. The president is elected through a direct national election, with the winning candidate serving a five-year term.
In addition to the president, Afghanistan has a bicameral parliament consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate. Members of the House of Representatives are elected through a direct national election, while members of the Senate are appointed by the president and the provincial councils. The parliament has the power to pass laws and oversee the activities of the executive branch of government.
Despite these formal institutions of government, politics in Kabul and Afghanistan as a whole are characterized by a complex web of ethnic, tribal, and regional affiliations. These affiliations often play a significant role in the country’s political landscape, with politicians aligning themselves with different groups in order to gain power and influence.
The political situation in Kabul has been further complicated by ongoing conflict and instability, including the ongoing insurgency by the Taliban and other armed groups. This conflict has led to significant challenges in establishing a stable and effective government, with many officials and politicians facing threats to their safety and security.
In recent years, there have been some efforts to address these challenges and build a more stable political system in Kabul and throughout Afghanistan. However, progress has been slow, and the country continues to face significant political and security challenges.